Obsidian-MBPM4
dc4a97832d
Affected files: .obsidian/workspace.json 2 Personal/Lists/Business Ideas.md Temporary/Drone Regulations Requirements.md
2.4 KiB
title, created_date, updated_date, aliases, tags
| title | created_date | updated_date | aliases | tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drone Regulations Requirements | 2025-09-11 | 2025-09-11 |
Drone Regulations Requirements
Regulatory Landscape
- SORA
- Categories: Open, Specific and Certified
- Remote ID
- ADS-B In / Out
- EASA Design Standards: Class C6 vs C1-C3
- airspaces: controlled, vs uncontrolled, U-Space (unmanned traffic managment framework)
- U-Space service providers (USSP): --> remote ID, flight planning and authorization, tracking and traffic information
- Pilot Certification (Proof of Competency: Open Category A1/A3, additional exam for A2 - Specific category (BVLOS) --> theory exam and practical skill test - Light UAS Operator Certicifcate (LUC) which allows to self-authorize operations)
Requirements
Remote ID
Applicable in CH, EU
- integrated or retrofit --> upload into the RID system
ADS-B In / Out
ADS-B Out is not mandated Electronic Conspicuity and U-space network identification are favored.
ADS-B In is optional but highly encouraged
BVLOS
For BVLOS flights an operational risk assessment is required (SORA). If the SORA meets a published STandard Scenario (STS) a simplified declaration can be used instead of a full authorization
- STS-01 - VLOS over controlled ground area
- STS-02 - BVLOS with observers over a sparsely populated controlled area. Requires a class C6 label. Ops must occur in controlled ground area with an airspace observer scanning for aircraft. Limited to sparsely populated areas If all conditions are met an operator can file STS-01/02 declaration, meaning no case-by-case study is needed
For urban deliveries a case by case study is needed, since the condition of sparsely populated fails.
The operator prepares a Concept of Operations and risk assessment (ConOps) document, which implements mitigations (fail-safes, parachute, ...). Based on the ConOps FOCA gives an authorization with conditions.
Geo-awareness & Airspace integration
Drones in Switzerland and EU must respect UAS Geographical Zones (e.g. restricted airspace, no-fly zones).
- limited to 120 m above ground level (AGL) in uncontrolled airspace
- geofenced no-fly areas
U-Space
- manned aircraft must be electronically conspicuous (ADS-B out) so that drone operators can detect and avoid them
Operations Registration
- In CH we need to obtain a unique UAS Operator Number to label the drone.
- Remote pilots must be certified (proof of c)